φύω

φύω, Il.6.148, etc.; [dialect] Aeol. [full] φυίω fort. leg. in Alc.97: [tense] impf. ἔφυον, [dialect] Ep.[ per.] 3sg.

A

φύεν Il.14.347

: [tense] fut. φύσω [ῡ] 1.235, S.OT438: [tense] aor.

ἔφῡσα Od.10.393

, etc.:—[voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., 9.109, Pi.O.4.28, etc.: [tense] fut.

φύσομαι A.Pr.871

, Hp.Mochl.42, Pl.Lg.831a, etc.: similar in sense are the intr. tenses, [tense] pf.

πέφῡκα Od.7.114

, etc., [dialect] Ep.[ per.] 3pl.

πεφύᾱσι Il.4.484

, Od.7.128; [ per.] 3sg. subj. πεφύῃ ([etym.] ἐμ-) Thgn.396; [dialect] Ep. part. fem. πεφυυῖα ([etym.] ἐμ-) Il.1.513, acc. pl.

πεφυῶτας Od.5.477

; [dialect] Dor. inf.

πεφύκειν Epich.173.3

: [tense] plpf.

ἐπεφύκειν X.Cyr.5.1.9

, Pl.Ti. 69e; [dialect] Ep.

πεφύκειν Il.4.109

; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.

ἐπέφῡκον Hes.Th.152

, Op.149: [tense] aor. 2 ἔφῡν (as if from φῦμι) Od.10.397, etc.: [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.

φῦ Il.6.253

, etc., [ per.] 3pl. ἔφυν (for ἔφῡσαν, which is also [ per.] 3pl. of [tense] aor. 1) Od.5.481, etc.; subj. φύω or

φυῶ E.Fr.377.2

, Pl.R.415c, 597c, Hp.Carn.12; [ per.] 3sg. opt.

φύη Theoc.15.94

, ([etym.] συμ-) Sor.2.89; inf. φῦναι, [dialect] Ep.

φύμεναι Theoc. 25.39

,

φῦν Parm.8.10

; part.

φύς Od.18.410

, etc., [dialect] Boeot. fem.

φοῦσα Corinn.21

: ἔφυσεν, = ἔφυ, dub. in IG14.2126.5 ([place name] Rome); conversely ἔφυ, = ἔφυσεν, ib.3.1350, Sammelb.5883 ([place name] Cyrene): later, [tense] fut.

φυήσω LXXIs.37.31

, [voice] Pass.

φυήσομαι Gp.2.37.1

, Them.Or.21.248c (in Luc. JTr.19 ἀναφύσεσθαι is restored): [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Pass.

ἐφύην J.AJ18.1.1

, prob. in BSA28.124 ([place name] Didyma), ([etym.] ἀν-) Thphr.HP4.16.2; inf.

φυῆναι Dsc.2.6

, ([etym.] ἀνα-) D.S.1.7; part.

φῠείς Hp.Nat.Puer.22

, Trag.Adesp. 529, PTeb.787.30 (ii B. C.), Ev.Luc.8.6: [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Pass.

συμ-φυθείς Gal. 7.725

. [Generally [pron. full] ῠ before a vowel, [dialect] Ep., Trag. (A.Th.535, S.Fr. 910.2), etc., [pron. full] ῡ before a consonant; but

φῡει Trag.Adesp.454.2

,

φῡεται S.Fr.88.4

, Trag.Adesp.543 ( = Men.565);

φῡομεν Ar.Av.106

; ἐφῡετο prob. in Ar.Fr.680, cf. Nic.Al.14, D.P.941, 1013; even in thesi,

προσφῡονται Nic.Al.506

,

φῡουσιν D.P.1031

; also in compds.]

A trans., in [tense] pres., [tense] fut., and [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Act.:—bring forth, produce, put forth,

φύλλα . . ὕλη τηλεθόωσα φύει Il.6.148

;

τοῖσι δ' ὑπὸ χθὼν δῖα φύεν νεοθηλέα ποίην 14.347

, cf. 1.235, Od.7.119, etc.;

ἄμπελον φύει βροτοῖς E.Ba.651

; so τρίχες . . , ἃς πρὶν ἔφυσεν φάρμακον made the hair grow, Od.10.393, cf. A.Th.535;

φ. χεῖρε, πόδε, ὀφθαλμὰ ἀνθρώποις X.Mem.2.3.19

; of a country,

καρπόν τε θωμαστὸν φύειν καὶ ἄνδρας ἀγαθούς Hdt.9.122

;

ὅσα γῆ φύει Pl.R.621a

, cf. Anaxag.4.

2 beget, engender, E.Ph.869, etc.;

Ἄτλας . . θεῶν μιᾶς ἔφυσε Μαῖαν E. Ion3

, cf. Trag.Adesp.454.2; so of God creating man, Antipho 4.1.2, cf. Plu.2.1065c; ὁ φύσας the begetter, father (opp. ὁ φύς the son, v. infr. B.1.2), S.OT1019, Ar.V.1472 (lyr.);

ὁ φ. πατήρ E.Hel.87

;

ὁ φ. χἠ τεκοῦσα Id.Alc.290

;

τὴν τεκοῦσαν ἢ τὸν φύσαντα Lys.10.8

; of both parents,

γονεῦσι οἵ σ' ἔφυσαν S.OT436

;

οἱ φύσαντες E.Ph.34

, cf. Fr. 403.2;

φ. τε καὶ γεννᾶν Pl.Plt.274a

;

ὦ γάμοι γάμοι, ἐφύσαθ' ἡμᾶς S.OT 1404

; ἥδ' ἡμέρα φύσει σε will bring to light thy birth, ib.438;

χρόνος φύει τ' ἄδηλα καὶ φανέντα κρύπτεται Id.Aj.647

.

3 of individuals in reference to the growth of parts of themselves, φ. πώγωνα, γλῶσσαν, κέρεα, grow or get a beard, etc., Hdt.8.104, 2.68, 4.29;

φ. πτερά Ar. Av.106

, Pl.Phdr.251c;

σάρκα Id.Ti.74e

; φ. τρίχας, πόδας καὶ πτερά, etc., Arist.HA518a33, 554a29, etc.: for the joke in φύειν φράτερας, v. φράτηρ.

4 metaph., φρένας φῦσαι get understanding, S.OC 804, El.1463 (but also

θεοὶ φύουσιν ἀνθρώποις φρένας Id.Ant.683

): prov., ἁλιεὺς πληγεὶς νοῦν φύσει 'once bit, twice shy', Sch.Pl.Smp. 222b;

γέροντα τὸν νοῦν σάρκα δ' ἡβῶσαν φύει A.Th.622

; δόξαν φῦσαι get glory or to form a high opinion of oneself, Hdt.5.91;

θεὸς . . αἰτίαν φύει βροτοῖς A.Niob.

in PSI11.1208.15;

αὑτῷ πόνους φῦσαι S. Ant.647

.

II in [tense] pres. seemingly intr., put forth shoots,

εἰς ἔτος ἄλλο φύοντι Mosch.3.101

;

δρύες . . φύοντι Theoc.7.75

, cf. 4.24: so ἀνδρῶν γενεὴ ἡ μὲν φύει ἡ δ' ἀπολήγει one generation is putting forth scions, the other is ceasing to do so, Il.6.149; ἐν στήθεσι φύει (fort. φυίει) grows up, appears, Alc.97;

ῥίζα ἄνω φύουσα ἐν χολῇ LXXDe. 29.18

.

B [voice] Pass., with intr. tenses of [voice] Act., [tense] aor. 2, [tense] pf. and [tense] plpf., grow, wax, spring up or forth, esp. of the vegetable world,

θάμνος ἔφυ ἐλαίης Od.23.190

, cf. 5.481;

πρασιαὶ παντοῖαι πεφύασιν 7.128

;

τά γ' ἄσπαρτα φύονται 9.109

, cf. Il.4.483, 14.288, 21.352;

φύεται αὐτόματα ῥόδα Hdt.8.138

, cf. 1.193;

ὑπὸ φηγῷ πεφυκυίῃ

growing there,

Id.2.56

; πεφυκότα δένδρα trees growing there, X.Cyr.4.3.5;

τὰ φυόμενα καὶ τὰ γιγνόμενα Pl.Cra.410d

, cf. Phd.110d, Plt.272a; τοῦ κέρα ἐκ κεφαλῆς ἑκκαιδεκάδωρα πεφύκει from his head grew horns sixteen palms long, Il.4.109, cf. Hdt.1.108, 3.133;

φύονται πολιαί Pi.O.4.28

; κεφαλαὶ πεφυκυῖαι θριξί grown with hair, D.S.2.50 (s. v.l.);

πέφυκε λίθος ἐν αὐτῇ

is produced,

X.Vect.1.4

: metaph., νόσημα ἐν ὀλιγαρχίᾳ φυόμενον, φυομένη πόλις, Pl.R.564b, Lg.757d; ὁ σπέρμα παρασχών, οὗτος τῶν φύντων αἴτιος [κακῶν] of the things produced, D.18.159; also κατὰ πάντων ἐφύετο waxed great by or upon their depression, ib. 19. —In this sense [tense] aor. 2 is rare (v. supr.), exc. in phrases such as ἔν τ' ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρί (v. ἐμφύω), Od.2.302.

2 of persons, to be begotten or born, most freq. in [tense] aor. 2 and [tense] pf.,

ὁ λωφήσων οὐ πέφυκέ πω A.Pr. 27

;

τίς ἂν εὔξαιτο βροτὸς ὢν ἀσινεῖ δαίμονι φῦναι; Id.Ag.1342

(anap.); μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λόγον not to be born is best, S.OC1224 (lyr.); γονῇ πεφυκὼς . . γεραιτέρᾳ ib.1294;

οὐχ ὑπὸ θυσιῶν οὐδ' ὑπὸ εὐχῶν φύς Pl.R.461a

; φύς τε καὶ τραφείς ib.396c;

μήπω φῦναι μηδὲ γενέσθαι X.Cyr.5.1.7

, cf. Pl.Smp.197a: construed with gen., πεφμκέναι or φῦναί τινος to be born or descended from any one,

τὸ κοινὸν σπλάγχνον οὗ πεφύκαμεν A.Th.1036

, cf. S.OC1379, etc.;

θνατᾶς ἀπὸ ματρὸς ἔφυ Pi.Fr.61

, cf. S.OT1359 (lyr.), Ant.562;

ἀπ' εὐγενοῦς ῥίζης E.IT610

;

ἀπὸ δρυός Pl.Ap.34d

, etc.;

φ. ἔκ τινος S.OT 458

, E.Heracl.325, Pl.R.415c, etc.;

ἐκ χώρας τινός Isoc.4.24

, etc.; οἱ μετ' ἐκείνου φύντες, opp. οἱ ἐξ ἐκείνου γεγονότες, Is.8.30;

ἐκ θεῶν γεγονότι . . διὰ βασιλέων πεφυκότι X.Cyr.7.2.24

.

II in [tense] pres., become, οὐδεὶς ἐχθρὸς οὔτε φύεται πρὸς χρήμαθ' οἵ τε φύντες . . S.Fr. 88.4;

πιστοὺς φύσει φύεσθαι X.Cyr.8.7.13

; the [tense] pf. and [tense] aor. 2 take a [tense] pres. sense, to be so and so by nature, κακός, σοφός πέφυκα ([etym.] -κώς), etc., S.Ph.558, 1244, etc.;

δρᾶν ἔφυν ἀμήχανος Id.Ant.79

; φύντ' ἀρετᾷ born for virtue, i.e. brave and good by nature, Pi.O.10(11).20; so of things,

τὸ μὲν εὖ πράσσειν ἀκόρεστον ἔφυ A.Ag.1331

(anap.), cf. Pl.Grg.479d, etc.;

εὐχροώτεροι ὁρῷντο ἢ πεφύκασιν X.Cyr.8.1.41

, cf. Oec.10.2; [

τὸ πῦρ] πέφυκε τοιοῦτον Id.Cyr.5.1.10

;

τἄλλα ἕκαστος ἡμῶν, ὅπως ἔτυχε, πέφυκεν D.37.56

: with Advs., ἱκανῶς πεφυκότες of good natural ability, Antipho 2.1.1;

δυσκόλως πεφ. Isoc.9.6

;

οὕτως πεφ. X.HG7.1.7

; also

οἱ καλῶς πεφυκότες S.El.989

, cf. Lys.2.20;

οἱ βέλτιστα φύντες Pl.R.431c

: then, simply, to be so and so,

φῦναι Ζηνὶ πιστὸν ἄγγελον A.Pr.969

;

θεοῦ μήτηρ ἔφυς Id.Pers.157

(troch.);

γυναῖκε . . ἔφυμεν S.Ant.62

; Ἅιδης ὁ παύσων ἔφυ ib.575;

ἁπλοῦς ὁ μῦθος τῆς ἀληθείας ἔφυ E.Ph.469

: c. part.,

νικᾶν . . χρῄζων ἔφυν S.Ph. 1052

;

πρέπων ἔφυς . . φωνεῖν Id.OT9

, cf. 587;

τοῦτο ἴδιον ἔφυμεν ἔχοντες Isoc.4.48

, cf. 11.41, X.Smp.4.54.

2 c. inf., to be formed or disposed by nature to do so and so,

τὰ δεύτερα πέφυκε κρατεῖν Pi.Fr.279

;

πολλῷ γ' ἀμείνων τοὺς πέλας φρενοῦν ἔφυς ἢ σαυτόν A.Pr.337

;

ἔφυν γὰρ οὐδὲν ἐκ τέχνης πράσσειν κακῆς S.Ph.88

, cf. Ant.688;

φύσει μὴ πεφυκότα τοιαῦτα φωνεῖν Id.Ph.79

;

πεφύκασι δ' ἅπαντες . . ἁμαρτάνειν Th.3.45

, cf. 2.64, 3.39, 4.61, etc.;

πέφυκε . . τρυφὴ . . ἦθος διαφθείρειν Jul.Or.1.15c

.

3 with Preps., γυνὴ . . ἐπὶ δακρύοις ἔφυ is by nature prone to tears, E.Med.928; ἔρως γὰρ ἀργόν, κἀπὶ τοῖς ἀργοῖς ἔφυ is inclined to idleness, Id.Fr.322; also

ἐπί τι Pl.R.507e

;

εἴς τι Aeschin.3.132

; most freq.

πρός τι, οἱ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς τὸ ἀληθὲς πεφύκασι Arist.Rh.1355a16

;

εὖ πρὸς ἀρετὴν πεφυκότες X. Mem.4.1.2

;

πρὸς πόλεμον μᾶλλον . . ἢ πρὸς εἰρήνην Pl.R.547e

;

κάλλιστα φ. πρός τι X.HG7.1.3

, etc.; also

πρός τινι Id.Ath.2.19

(s. v.l., cf. Plb.9.29.10); also

εὖ πεφ. κατά τι D.37.55

.

4 c. dat., fall to one by nature, be one's natural lot,

πᾶσι θνατοῖς ἔφυ μόρος S.El. 860

(lyr.);

χαίρειν πέφυκεν οὐχὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀεί Id.Tr.440

;

ἐφύετο κοινὸς πᾶσι κίνδυνος D.60.18

, cf. X.Cyr.4.3.19.

5 impers., it is natural, it happens naturally, c. inf., D.14.30, Arist.Pol.1261b7, Po. 1450a1.

6 abs., ὡς πέφυκε as is natural, X.Cyn.6.15, al.;

ᾗ πέφυκεν Pl.Ti.81e

; also expressed personally,

τοῖς ἁπλῶς, ὡς πεφυκασι, βαδίζουσι D.45.68

: also freq. in part., τὰ φύσει πεφυκότα the order of nature, Lys.2.29; φύντα, opp. ὁμολογηθέντα, Antipho Soph. 44Ai 32 (Vorsokr.5); ἄνθρωπος πεφυκώς man as he is, X.Cyr.1.1.3. (Cf. Skt. bhū- 'to be, become', Lith. búti 'to be', Lat. fui, Eng. be, etc.)